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Lexical Tools

SuffixD Rules - 2025

There are several hundreds of derivational suffix rules. Lexical Tools collect and validate the most common ones that have high precision (low exceptions), frequency (occurrence) and compile redundant rules from child-parent relationship as follows:

 RulesPrecisionInstancesOccurrencesExceptionsStatusSourceRelation
1 $|adj|ally$|adv 98.95% 2087 2065 22 2015 ORG_FACT PARENT
2 $|adj|ism$|noun 90.72% 388 352 36 2016 NOM_D SELF
3 $|adj|ity$|noun 97.86% 2099 2054 45 2013 ORG_RULE PARENT
4 $|adj|ly$|adv 99.91% 6868 6862 6 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
5 $|adj|ness$|noun 100.00% 3096 3096 0 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
6 $|adj|oid$|adj 43.90% 41 18 23 2020 EXP_SUG SELF
7 $|adj|s$|noun 94.34% 636 600 36 2020 ORG_FACT SELF
8 $|adj|y$|noun 45.86% 133 61 72 2021 NOM_D SELF
9 $|noun|able$|adj 3.56% 449 16 433 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
10 $|noun|age$|noun 47.30% 148 70 78 2016 ORG_FACT SELF
11 $|noun|al$|adj 72.92% 1385 1010 375 2013 ORG_RULE PARENT
12 $|noun|an$|adj 47.11% 121 57 64 2024 WORDNET SELF
13 $|noun|ary$|adj 84.56% 149 126 23 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
14 $|noun|cide$|noun 86.67% 15 13 2 2021 EXP_SUG SELF
15 $|noun|ed$|adj 74.59% 614 458 156 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
16 $|noun|er$|noun 60.89% 1345 819 526 2024 WORDNET SELF
17 $|noun|free$|adj 95.83% 24 23 1 2024 EXPERT SELF
18 $|noun|ful$|adj 89.44% 142 127 15 2013 ORG_FACT SELF
19 $|noun|fully$|adv 0.00% 98 0 98 2017 ORG_FACT SELF
20 $|noun|ial$|adj 48.60% 179 87 92 2020 ORG_FACT SELF
21 $|noun|ian$|adj 69.11% 246 170 76 2024 WORDNET SELF
22 $|noun|ic$|adj 78.99% 1785 1410 375 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
23 $|noun|ical$|adj 21.84% 174 38 136 2024 WORDNET SELF
24 $|noun|ise$|verb 65.94% 414 273 141 2024 WORDNET SELF
25 $|noun|ish$|adj 64.08% 103 66 37 2017 ORG_FACT SELF
26 $|noun|ism$|noun 95.75% 494 473 21 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
27 $|noun|ist$|noun 67.01% 388 260 128 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
28 $|noun|ize$|verb 68.01% 472 321 151 2015 EXP_SUG SELF
29 $|noun|less$|adj 99.66% 597 595 2 2013 ORG_FACT SELF
30 $|noun|ly$|adj 77.48% 151 117 34 2024 WORDNET SELF
31 $|noun|oid$|noun 49.48% 97 48 49 2020 EXP_SUG SELF
32 $|noun|ous$|adj 48.37% 368 178 190 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
33 $|noun|ship$|noun 86.73% 196 170 26 2016 ORG_FACT SELF
34 $|noun|tous$|adj 97.85% 186 182 4 2017 ORG_FACT SELF
35 $|noun|ty$|adj 53.19% 47 25 22 2017 EXP_SUG SELF
36 $|noun|y$|adj 53.86% 791 426 365 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
37 $|noun|y$|noun 50.78% 703 357 346 2017 ORG_FACT PARENT
38 $|verb|able$|adj 96.92% 616 597 19 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
39 $|verb|ably$|adv 0.00% 62 0 62 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
40 $|verb|age$|noun 75.47% 106 80 26 2020 ORG_FACT SELF
41 $|verb|ance$|noun 91.95% 87 80 7 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
42 $|verb|ant$|adj 54.05% 74 40 34 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
43 $|verb|ant$|noun 73.40% 94 69 25 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
44 $|verb|ation$|noun 89.30% 355 317 38 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
45 $|verb|ed$|adj 77.64% 483 375 108 2021 EXP_SUG SELF
46 $|verb|er$|noun 95.49% 1309 1250 59 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
47 $|verb|ing$|noun 94.54% 1080 1021 59 2013 NOM_D SELF
48 $|verb|ion$|noun 92.98% 584 543 41 2013 NOM_D PARENT
49 $|verb|ive$|adj 59.44% 249 148 101 2024 WORDNET SELF
50 $|verb|less$|adj 2.61% 422 11 411 2013 ORG_FACT SELF
51 $|verb|ment$|noun 97.23% 650 632 18 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
52 $|verb|or$|noun 83.13% 243 202 41 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
53 $|verb|per$|noun 73.91% 69 51 18 2024 WORDNET SELF
54 $|verb|ter$|noun 57.47% 87 50 37 2024 WORDNET SELF
55 a$|noun|al$|adj 85.77% 478 410 68 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
56 a$|noun|an$|adj 86.54% 312 270 42 2013 ORG_RULE PARENT
57 a$|noun|an$|noun 10.26% 312 32 280 2013 ORG_RULE PARENT
58 a$|noun|ar$|adj 87.14% 140 122 18 2013 ORG_RULE PARENT
59 a$|noun|iasis$|noun 76.19% 21 16 5 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
60 ability$|noun|able$|adj 99.16% 1314 1303 11 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
61 ability$|noun|eable$|adj 97.96% 49 48 1 2021 NOM_D SELF
62 ability$|noun|ible$|adj 100.00% 61 61 0 2020 NOM_D SELF
63 able$|adj|ate$|verb 85.41% 185 158 27 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
64 able$|adj|e$|verb 97.16% 493 479 14 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
65 able$|adj|eability$|noun 97.67% 43 42 1 2021 NOM_D SELF
66 acy$|noun|ate$|adj 97.83% 46 45 1 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
67 age$|noun|e$|verb 50.00% 34 17 17 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
68 al$|adj|e$|noun 59.51% 610 363 247 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
69 al$|adj|ine$|noun 33.33% 54 18 36 2016 EXP_SUG SELF
70 al$|adj|s$|noun 8.68% 265 23 242 2024 WORDNET SELF
71 al$|adj|um$|noun 91.75% 485 445 40 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
72 al$|adj|us$|noun 83.70% 276 231 45 2015 EXP_SUG SELF
73 al$|noun|e$|verb 71.96% 107 77 30 2020 NOM_D SELF
74 ance$|noun|ant$|adj 97.98% 347 340 7 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
75 ance$|noun|e$|verb 81.58% 38 31 7 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
76 ant$|adj|ate$|verb 62.14% 140 87 53 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
77 ant$|adj|ation$|noun 18.54% 205 38 167 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
78 ant$|noun|ate$|verb 38.46% 156 60 96 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
79 ant$|noun|e$|verb 84.44% 45 38 7 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
80 ar$|adj|ate$|verb 6.15% 65 4 61 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
81 ar$|adj|e$|noun 61.62% 198 122 76 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
82 ar$|adj|us$|noun 38.68% 106 41 65 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
83 asia$|noun|astic$|adj 88.00% 50 44 6 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
84 asm$|noun|astic$|adj 35.14% 37 13 24 2024 WORDNET SELF
85 ate$|verb|ation$|noun 99.26% 2155 2139 16 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
86 ate$|verb|ative$|noun 3.23% 31 1 30 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
87 ation$|noun|e$|verb 98.99% 2574 2548 26 2013 ORG_RULE PARENT
88 ation$|noun|ed$|adj 93.33% 480 448 32 2016 NOM_D SELF
89 c$|adj|s$|noun 87.71% 301 264 37 2015 ORG_FACT PARENT
90 c$|adj|sm$|noun 22.28% 534 119 415 2021 NOM_D PARENT
91 ce$|noun|t$|adj 95.86% 918 880 38 2015 NOM_D PARENT
92 ctic$|adj|xis$|noun 66.67% 42 28 14 2021 ORG_FACT SELF
93 cy$|noun|t$|adj 96.81% 439 425 14 2015 NOM_D PARENT
94 d$|verb|sion$|noun 91.11% 45 41 4 2021 NOM_D SELF
95 de$|verb|sion$|noun 98.41% 63 62 1 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
96 e$|adj|ion$|noun 55.53% 371 206 165 2016 NOM_D SELF
97 e$|adj|ity$|noun 97.37% 911 887 24 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
98 e$|noun|ed$|adj 49.17% 423 208 215 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
99 e$|noun|ery$|noun 73.81% 42 31 11 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
100 e$|noun|ic$|adj 91.15% 1322 1205 117 2016 ORG_FACT SELF
101 e$|noun|ous$|adj 57.65% 196 113 83 2021 ORG_FACT SELF
102 e$|noun|y$|adj 76.50% 183 140 43 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
103 e$|noun|y$|noun 57.08% 720 411 309 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
104 e$|verb|er$|noun 96.83% 1040 1007 33 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
105 e$|verb|ing$|noun 94.93% 454 431 23 2015 EXP_SUG SELF
106 e$|verb|ion$|noun 98.29% 2398 2357 41 2015 NOM_D PARENT
107 e$|verb|is$|noun 93.24% 148 138 10 2016 NOM_D PARENT
108 e$|verb|ition$|noun 89.80% 49 44 5 2021 NOM_D SELF
109 e$|verb|ive$|adj 69.59% 434 302 132 2024 WORDNET SELF
110 e$|verb|or$|noun 78.95% 494 390 104 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
111 e$|verb|ory$|adj 58.27% 254 148 106 2024 WORDNET SELF
112 e$|verb|tion$|noun 89.80% 98 88 10 2017 NOM_D SELF
113 ed$|adj|ion$|noun 97.63% 758 740 18 2013 NOM_D SELF
114 ed$|adj|ment$|noun 58.65% 104 61 43 2021 NOM_D SELF
115 ence$|noun|ent$|adj 96.60% 559 540 19 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
116 ence$|noun|ential$|adj 100.00% 45 45 0 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
117 ency$|noun|ent$|adj 96.51% 315 304 11 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
118 ency$|noun|ent$|noun 49.28% 69 34 35 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
119 er$|noun|ing$|noun 43.52% 1050 457 593 2021 ORG_FACT SELF
120 er$|noun|ress$|noun 45.00% 20 9 11 2017 EXP_SUG SELF
121 er$|noun|y$|noun 35.35% 198 70 128 2021 ORG_FACT SELF
122 er$|verb|ration$|noun 93.88% 49 46 3 2021 NOM_D SELF
123 es$|noun|ic$|adj 75.86% 29 22 7 2015 EXP_SUG SELF
124 es$|noun|ic$|noun 0.00% 21 0 21 2015 EXP_SUG SELF
125 esis$|noun|etic$|adj 98.26% 345 339 6 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
126 esis$|noun|ic$|adj 92.41% 224 207 17 2016 EXP_SUG SELF
127 ge$|verb|gence$|noun 85.00% 20 17 3 2021 NOM_D SELF
128 gram$|noun|graph$|noun 86.01% 143 123 20 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
129 gram$|noun|graphic$|adj 2.58% 233 6 227 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
130 gram$|noun|graphy$|noun 2.42% 372 9 363 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
131 graph$|noun|graphy$|noun 95.19% 208 198 10 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
132 ia$|noun|iac$|noun 93.62% 47 44 3 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
133 ia$|noun|ian$|adj 84.82% 191 162 29 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
134 ia$|noun|ian$|noun 11.69% 154 18 136 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
135 ia$|noun|ic$|adj 96.58% 1110 1072 38 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
136 ial$|adj|y$|noun 87.50% 80 70 10 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
137 iance$|noun|iant$|adj 97.14% 35 34 1 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
138 ic$|adj|ically$|adv 99.90% 1962 1960 2 2013 ORG_FACT CHILD
139 ic$|adj|icity$|noun 99.37% 949 943 6 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
140 ic$|adj|is$|noun 91.29% 287 262 25 2013 ORG_FACT CHILD
141 ic$|adj|ism$|noun 22.33% 533 119 414 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
142 ic$|adj|y$|noun 94.36% 2076 1959 117 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
143 ic$|noun|ical$|adj 36.05% 147 53 94 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
144 ical$|adj|y$|noun 97.70% 825 806 19 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
145 ication$|noun|y$|verb 97.05% 305 296 9 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
146 iency$|noun|ient$|adj 100.00% 56 56 0 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
147 ier$|noun|y$|verb 87.50% 80 70 10 2024 WORDNET SELF
148 ility$|noun|le$|adj 99.16% 1658 1644 14 2015 NOM_D PARENT
149 ily$|adv|y$|adj 98.67% 150 148 2 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
150 iness$|noun|y$|adj 89.51% 639 572 67 2013 NOM_D SELF
151 ion$|noun|ious$|adj 89.58% 48 43 5 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
152 ion$|noun|ive$|noun 4.28% 187 8 179 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
153 ion$|noun|ory$|adj 97.75% 488 477 11 2020 ORG_FACT SELF
154 ious$|adj|y$|noun 68.89% 45 31 14 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
155 ism$|noun|ist$|noun 9.75% 400 39 361 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
156 ism$|noun|istic$|adj 93.08% 260 242 18 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
157 ist$|noun|y$|noun 90.99% 555 505 50 2013 ORG_FACT SELF
158 ity$|noun|ous$|adj 87.37% 95 83 12 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
159 ity$|noun|y$|adj 67.19% 64 43 21 2021 NOM_D SELF
160 ization$|noun|ize$|verb 99.92% 1257 1256 1 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
161 ize$|verb|y$|noun 65.52% 203 133 70 2024 WORDNET SELF
162 le$|adj|ly$|adv 100.00% 348 348 0 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
163 le$|noun|ular$|adj 90.48% 105 95 10 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
164 meter$|noun|metry$|noun 96.82% 346 335 11 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
165 nce$|noun|nt$|adj 97.13% 906 880 26 2015 DECOMPOSE CHILD
166 on$|noun|ve$|adj 88.73% 1295 1149 146 2016 ORG_FACT SELF
167 ose$|verb|osis$|noun 96.30% 54 52 2 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
168 osis$|noun|otic$|adj 99.73% 369 368 1 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
169 osity$|noun|ous$|adj 88.57% 105 93 12 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
170 ous$|adj|y$|noun 33.99% 253 86 167 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
171 physeal$|adj|physis$|noun 88.46% 26 23 3 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
172 sability$|noun|zable$|adj 100.00% 50 50 0 2020 NOM_D SELF
173 sable$|adj|zability$|noun 100.00% 54 54 0 2020 NOM_D SELF
174 sation$|noun|ze$|verb 99.91% 1100 1099 1 2015 NOM_D SELF
175 sation$|noun|zed$|adj 100.00% 146 146 0 2017 NOM_D SELF
176 se$|verb|sion$|noun 89.92% 129 116 13 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
177 se$|verb|zation$|noun 100.00% 1135 1135 0 2015 NOM_D SELF
178 sed$|adj|zation$|noun 100.00% 137 137 0 2017 NOM_D SELF
179 sia$|noun|tic$|adj 94.17% 103 97 6 2016 ORG_FACT SELF
180 sion$|noun|t$|verb 82.14% 56 46 10 2013 ORG_RULE SELF
181 sis$|noun|tic$|adj 99.13% 1029 1020 9 2013 ORG_RULE PARENT
182 sis$|noun|ze$|verb 96.67% 60 58 2 2020 NOM_D SELF
183 sity$|noun|us$|adj 87.74% 106 93 13 2017 NOM_D PARENT
184 ss$|verb|ssion$|noun 94.95% 99 94 5 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD
185 t$|verb|tted$|adj 83.33% 12 10 2 2021 EXP_SUG SELF
186 ula$|noun|ular$|adj 94.37% 71 67 4 2013 ORG_RULE CHILD