Derivational Prefix List (2013)
I. Prefix list
This list include the most common prefixes (a word element that only used as a prefix) and combining forms. Please note that prefixes can be used by itself (prefix), with space (prefix ), or with hyphen (prefix-). For example, prefix of "non" can be added to word significant as:
The following tables list all prefixes for Lexical Tools derivations:
| Prefix | Senses | Negation Tag | Example | LVG Release |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | lacking in, lack of, not, without | N | asexual, asymmetric | 2012 |
| predicative adjective with progressive aspect (verb) | O | afloat, atremble | ||
| on, in, at | O | abed, amidst, ashore | ||
| in (such) a state or condition | O | afresh | ||
| in (such) a manner | O | aloud, alive | ||
| abs | away, from | O | abstract | TBD |
| af | addition or increase | O | affirm | TBD |
| at | change into, movement to, addition or increase | O | attend | TBD |
| Afro | relating to Africa | O | Afro-American | 2012 |
| ambi | both | O | ambitendency | 2012 |
| amphi | two, both, on both sides | O | amphiaster, amphitheater, amphibian | 2012 |
| an | lacking in, lack of, not, without | N | anemic | 2012 |
| up, against | O | anode | ||
| ana | up, against | O | anatoxin | 2012 |
| Anglo | relating to England | O | Anglo-Irish | 2012 |
| ante | before | O | antenatal | 2012 |
| anti | opposite, against | N | anti-war, antivirus, anti-human | 2012 |
| apo | away, different from | O | apomorphine | 2012 |
| detached, separate | O | apocarpous | ||
| formed from, related to | O | apocodeine | ||
| arch | supreme, highest, worst | O | archangel | 2012 |
| preeminent, extreme | O | archcapitalist, archinfamy | ||
| first in time, primitive | O | archfather, archform | ||
| astro | star | O | astrobiology | 2012 |
| astrological, astrological and | O | astrodiagnosis, astromedical | ||
| aster in cells | O | astrosphere | ||
| auto | self | O | autobiography, automatic | 2013 |
| automatic, self-acting, self-regulating | O | autofeed, autowind | ||
| of, by, affecting or for the same individual | O | autohemagglutination, autovaccine | ||
| self-caused, self-induced, occurring within one’s own body sometimes pathologically | O | autointoxication | ||
| acting as an antibody on or produced as an antibody for one’s own antigens | O | autoagglutinin, autohemolysin | ||
| be | equipped with, covered with, beset with (pejorative or facetious) | O | bedeviled, becalm, bedazzle, bewitch | 2012 |
| to a great degree, thoroughly | O | becudgel, befuddle, bespatter | ||
| about, to, at, upon, against; intransitive verbs from intransitive verbs | O | bestride, bespeak | ||
| make, cause to be, treat as; verbs from adjectives or nouns | O | belittle, benumb, befriend | ||
| chemical prefix of unknown meaning | O | bekanamycin, bemethyl | ||
| bi | two | O | bicycle | 2012 |
| bio | biological | O | biodegrade | 2012 |
| bis | both; of or belonging to both; two | O | bisischiatic, bismarine | TBD |
| doubled | O | bisdimethylamino, bisquaternary | ||
| circum | around | O | circumnavigate | 2012 |
| cis | on this side | O | cis-vaccenate | TBD |
| co | joint, with, accompanying | O | co-worker, coordinator, cooperation, cohabit | 2012 |
| in or to the same degree | O | coextensive, coeval | ||
| operating together or reciprocally | O | coterm | ||
| of the complement of an angle | O | cosine, codeclination | ||
| con | together or with | O | confederation | 2012 |
| cone | O | conus | ||
| com | together or with | O | commingle | 2012 |
| col | together or with | O | colleague | 2012 |
| colon | O | colectasia | ||
| cor | together or with | O | correlation | 2012 |
| contra | opposite | N | contradict | 2012 |
| counter | against, in opposition to | N | counteract, counterpart | 2012 |
| cryo | ice | O | cryogenics | 2012 |
| crypto | hidden, secret | O | cryptography | 2012 |
| de | reverse action, get rid of | N | de-emphasise | 2012 |
| down | O | depress | ||
| get off of (something) | O | detrain, deplane | ||
| derived or compounded from (something) | O | deacetyl | ||
| having removal of one or more atoms of (a specified element) | O | dehydro-, deoxy- | ||
| demi | half | O | demiembryo, demispan | 2012 |
| demo | people | O | demography | 2012 |
| di | two | O | dioxide | 2012 |
| dif | apart | O | differ | TBD |
| dis | not, opposite of | N | disloyal, disagree | TBD |
| reverse action, get rid of | N | disconnect, disinformation | ||
| apart | N | dissect | ||
| dys | abnormal, diseased, bad, unfavorable, faulty | N | dysplasia, dyspathy, dysfunction | 2012 |
| difficult, with difficulty | O | dysmenorrhea, dysoxidize | ||
| absence or reverse of | O | dysteleology | ||
| down | to make something lesser, lower or worse | O | downgrade | TBD |
| du | two | O | duet | 2013 |
| duo | two | O | duovirus | 2013 |
| eco | ecological | O | ecosystem | 2013 |
| electro | electric, electricity | O | electroablation | 2013 |
| electromagnetic | O | electrochronograph | ||
| electron-related | O | electrophilic | ||
| en | to make into, to put into, to get into | O | enmesh | 2013 |
| in, within, inside | O | endermic, enzootic | ||
| chemically saturated; having one double bond | O | enamine | ||
| em | to make into, to put into, to get into | O | empower | 2013 |
| to provide with | O | empower | ||
| to cause to be (sometimes with suffix –en) | O | embolden | ||
| so as to cover or surround; thoroughly | O | embower | ||
| epi | upon, at, close upon, in addition | O | epidermis | 2013 |
| petrographically altered | O | epidiorite | ||
| epimer of a specified chemical compound | O | epicholesterol, epirhamnose | ||
| chemical compound or group distinguished from another by having a bridge connection | O | epichlorhydrin | ||
| Euro | European | O | Eurocentric | 2012 |
| ex | former | O | ex-wife | 2013 |
| out of | O | export | ||
| extra | outside | O | extracurricular | 2013 |
| Franco | French, France | O | Francophile | 2012 |
| fore | before | O | forearm, forerunner | 2013 |
| at or toward the front; the front part of something | O | forearm | ||
| geo | relating to the earth or its surface | O | geography | 2013 |
| gyro | spinning on an axis | O | gyrokinetic | 2013 |
| in a ring or spiral | O | gyromancy | ||
| hetero | different | O | heterosexual | 2013 |
| isomeric with or closely related to a (specified) compound | O | heteroxanthine | ||
| hemi | half | O | hemiataxia | 2013 |
| hemo | blood | O | hemodialysis | 2013 |
| homologous with a (specified) organic compound | O | homoserine | ||
| from the same species; corresponding in type of structure | O | homograft, homolysin | ||
| haemo | blood | O | haemodialysis | TBD |
| homo | same | O | homogenous, homologous | TBD |
| hydro | relating to water, or using water | O | hydroelectricity | 2013 |
| containing hydrogen | O | hydroborate | ||
| characterized by an accumulation of fluid in a (specified) body part | O | hydronephrosis | ||
| hydroid | O | hydromedusa | ||
| hyper | above, over | O | hyperthermia | 2013 |
| hypo | under or below something, low | O | hypothermia | TBD |
| ideo | image, idea | O | ideograph | TBD |
| idio | individual, personal, unique | O | idiographic | TBD |
| in | in, into | O | insert | TBD |
| not, opposite of | N | inexact | ||
| Indo | relating to the Indian subcontinent | O | Indo-European | 2012 |
| infra | below, beneath | O | infrared | TBD |
| inter | among, between | O | intercede, interstate, interact | 2012 |
| intra | inside, within | O | intravenous | 2012 |
| il | not, opposite of | N | illegal | TBD |
| im | not, opposite of | N | immature | TBD |
| ir | not, opposite of | N | irregular | TBD |
| iso | equal | O | isochromatic | TBD |
| macro | long | O | macrobiotic | TBD |
| mal | bad(ly) | O | malfunction | TBD |
| maxi | very long, very large | O | maxi-circle | TBD |
| mega | great, large | O | megabase | TBD |
| megalo | great, large | O | megastar, megalopolis | TBD |
| meta | after, along with, beyond, among, behind | O | meta-theory | TBD |
| micro | small | O | microautoradiogram | TBD |
| mid | middle | O | midlife | TBD |
| midi | medium-sized | O | midiplasmin | TBD |
| mini | small | O | minibus | TBD |
| mis | wrong, astray | N | misinformation, misguide | TBD |
| mono | sole, only | O | monogamy | TBD |
| multi | many | O | multi-storey | 2012 |
| many times over; in many respects | O | multimillionaire, multispecialist | ||
| affecting many parts | O | multiglandular | ||
| neo | new | O | neolithic | TBD |
| non | not | N | nonexistent | 2012 |
| ob | blocking, against, concealing | O | ibstruct | TBD |
| oc | blocking, against, concealing | O | occult | TBD |
| of | blocking, against, concealing | O | offend | TBD |
| op | blocking, against, concealing | O | oppose | TBD |
| omni | all | O | omnipotent, omnipresent | 2012 |
| ortho | correcting or straightening | O | orthodontics, orthotropic | 2012 |
| indicates a 1,2-substituted benzene ring in organice chemistry | O | orthonitrophenol | ||
| indicates the common form of an acid in inorganic chemistry | O | orthoboric acid | ||
| chemical prefix | O | orthoformate | ||
| out | better, faster, longer, beyond | O | outreach, outcome | 2012 |
| over | too much | O | overreact, overact | 2012 |
| paleo | old | O | paleolithic | 2012 |
| pan | all, worldwide | O | pan-African | 2012 |
| para | beside, beyond | O | parallel | 2012 |
| isomeric with, polymeric with, or otherwise closely related to | O | paracasein | ||
| the relation of two opposite positions in the benzene ring that are separated by two carbon atoms | O | TBD | ||
| a derivative in which two substituting groups occupy such positions | O | para-xylene | ||
| paed | child | O | TBD | TBD |
| pedo | child | O | TBD | TBD |
| paedo | child | O | TBD | TBD |
| paid | child | O | TBD | TBD |
| paido | child | O | TBD | TBD |
| ped | foot | O | pedestrian | 2012 |
| child | O | TBD | ||
| creature or object having feet or footlike projections | O | Pediastrum, pedrail | ||
| something (specified) involving feet | O | pedometor | ||
| pod | foot | O | podiatrist | 2012 |
| per | through, completely, wrongly, exceedingly | O | permeate, permute | 2012 |
| in chemistry, to denote a large amount or designate combination of an element in its highest valence | O | perchloroethylene | ||
| peri | around | O | periabdominal | 2012 |
| near | O | perihelion | ||
| enclosing, surrounding | O | perineurium | ||
| tissue surrounding (specified part) | O | periarthritis | ||
| photo | light, photography, photograph | O | photoelectric | 2012 |
| poly | many | O | polygon | 2012 |
| chemistry--containing more than one and especially more than two or three units of (a specified substance) | O | polyatomic | ||
| chemistry--polymer of, polymerized | O | polyethylene | ||
| chemistry--isopoly- | O | polymolybdate | ||
| post | after | O | post-election, post-graduation, postpone | 2012 |
| pre | before | O | pre-election, pre-enter, predict | 2012 |
| preter | beyond, past, more than | O | preternatural | 2012 |
| pro | for, on the side of | O | pro-life | 2013 |
| substitute, deputy | O | proconsul | ||
| before | O | procambium | ||
| pros | toward | O | Prosthesis | 2012 |
| proto | first, original | O | protoplasm, prototype | 2012 |
| pseudo | false, imitation | O | pseudonym | 2012 |
| pyr | fire | O | pyroantimonate | TBD |
| in chemistry, indicates a dimeric acid anhydride | O | pyrophosphoric acid | ||
| due to or attributed to the action of fire or heat | O | pyrochlore | ||
| of fiery color | O | pyrophanite | ||
| fever, fever producing | O | pyrotoxin | ||
| pyro | fire | O | pyroantimonate | 2012 |
| in chemistry, indicates a dimeric acid anhydride | O | pyrophosphoric acid | ||
| due to or attributed to the action of fire or heat | O | pyrochlore | ||
| of fiery color | O | pyrophanite | ||
| fever, fever producing | O | pyrotoxin | ||
| quasi | partly, almost, appearing to be but not really | O | quasiaxial | 2012 |
| re | again, back | O | rerun | 2012 |
| retro | backwards | O | retrograde | TBD |
| self | self | O | self-sufficient | TBD |
| semi | half | O | semicircle | TBD |
| socio | society, social, sociological | O | sociopath | TBD |
| step | family relation by remarriage | O | stepbrother | TBD |
| sub | below, under | O | subway | 2012 |
| sup | below, under | O | support | TBD |
| super | above, over | O | supervisor | TBD |
| supra | above, over | O | suprarenal | TBD |
| sur | above, over | O | surreal, surrender | TBD |
| sy | together, with | O | system | TBD |
| syn | together, with | O | synthesis | TBD |
| syl | together, with | O | syllable | TBD |
| sym | together, with | O | symbol | TBD |
| tele | at a distance | O | television | TBD |
| trans | across, from one place to another | O | transatlantic, transverse | TBD |
| twi | two | O | twilight | TBD |
| tri | three | O | tricycle | TBD |
| ultra | beyond, extremely | O | ultraviolet, ultrasonic | TBD |
| un | not, opposite of | N | unnecessary, unequal | 2012 |
| reverse action, deprive of, release from | N | undo, untie | ||
| under | lower in grade/dignity, lesser, insufficient | N | underachieve | TBD |
| below, beneath | O | underground, underpass | TBD | |
| uni | one | O | unicycle | TBD |
| up | to make something more, higher or better | O | upgrade | TBD |
| vice | deputy | O | vice-president | TBD |
| with | against | O | withstand | TBD |
II. References