1951: "The Durham-Humphrey Amendment defines the kinds of drugs that cannot be safely used without medical supervision and restricts their sale to prescription by a licensed practitioner." Reference

1952: Milton Skolaut becomes the first Director of Pharmacy Services at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. Image or Reference

1952: The Code of Ethics for the American Pharmaceutical Association states that the “pharmacist does not discuss the therapeutic effects or composition of a prescription with a patient. When such questions are asked, he suggests that the qualified practitioner [physician or dentist] is the proper person with whom such matters should be discussed.” Note: this code is outdated and is provided for historical interest only. Reference: Higby, GL, editor. Pharmacy in the American Century. Apothecary’s Cabinet, No. 1, Fall 2000, p. 4.

1954: President Eisenhower signs the Transfer Act in 1954, which moves the responsibility of Indian health care from the Bureau of Indian Affairs to the Public Health Service. Image or Reference

1954: The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) adopts a five years degree as the standard of education for pharmacists. Reference: Buerki, RA. American Pharmaceutical Education, 1952-2002. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42:542-4.

1955: Pharmacists are assigned to the Indian Health Service, which becomes a part of the United States Public Health Service. More historical information

1955: Allen J. Brands becomes the first Chief Pharmacist for the Indian Health Service. Area Pharmacist Officers have their first meeting during the American Pharmacist Association annual meeting in Detroit. There are 6 pharmacies staffed by a pharmacist, and over 70 hospitals. Image or Reference

1956: The National Institute of Health Clinical Center Pharmacy Department creates the Pharmaceutical Development Service Department which involves in the management of "investigational drugs through a computerized information system, manufactures customized investigational drug formulations, assists investigators in setting up double-blind studies and filing Investigational New Drug (IND) applications with the FDA." Reference 1 or Reference 2.

1959: Surgeon General Burney creates the Public Health Service Pharmacy Liaison position on Aug 14, 1959. Dr. George Archambault is the first person to take this position. The Public Health Service Pharmacy Liaison position lasts until 1980 when the position of Chief Pharmacy Officer is established. Reference 2 / Reference 2